Dinosaure blitz?

Ubundi buryo bwo kwiga ibiza bya paleontolojia bushobora kwitwa "dinosaur blitz".
Iri jambo ryakuwe ku bahanga mu binyabuzima bategura "bio-blitzes." Muri bio-blitz, abakorerabushake baraterana kugira ngo bakusanye ingero zose z’ibinyabuzima zishoboka mu gace runaka mu gihe runaka. Urugero, bio-blitzers bashobora gutegura mu mpera z’icyumweru kugira ngo bakusanye ingero z’inyamaswa zo mu mazi n’izikurura zishobora kuboneka mu kibaya cy’imisozi.
Mu gushakisha ubwoko bw'ibinyabuzima binini bya dinosaur, igitekerezo ni ugukusanya ibisigazwa byinshi by'ibinyabuzima by'ubwoko bumwe bwa dinosaur uhereye ku gisenge cy'ibinyabuzima runaka cyangwa mu gihe runaka gishoboka. Mu gukusanya ingero nyinshi z'ibinyabuzima bimwe, abahanga mu bya paleontolojia bashobora gushaka impinduka mu miterere y'umubiri mu gihe cy'ubuzima bw'ibinyabuzima bigize ubwo bwoko.

Ibisubizo bya dino-blitz imwe, byatangajwe mu mpeshyi yo mu 2010, byahungabanyije isi y’abahigi ba dinosaur. Byanateje impaka zikomeye muri iki gihe.
Mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga ijana, abahanga mu bya paleontology bari barashushanyije amashami abiri atandukanye ku giti cy'ubuzima cya dinosaur: rimwe rya Triceratops n'irindi rya Torosaurus. Nubwo hari itandukaniro hagati yabyo, bihuriye ku bintu byinshi bisa. Byombi byari inyamaswa zirya ibyatsi. Byombi byabayeho mu gihe cya Cretaceous. Byombi byameraga inyuma y'imitwe yabyo nk'ingabo.
Abashakashatsi bibazaga icyo dino-blitz ishobora guhishura ku biremwa bisa n’ibyo.

Mu gihe cy'imyaka icumi, agace gakungahaye ku magufwa ya Montana kazwi nka Hell Creek Formation kakomotse ku magufwa ya Triceratops na Torosaurus.
Mirongo ine ku ijana by'ibisigazwa by'ibinyabuzima byaturutse kuri Triceratops. Amwe mu magufwa yari angana n'umupira w'amaguru w'Abanyamerika. Andi yari angana n'imodoka nto. Kandi zose zapfuye mu byiciro bitandukanye by'ubuzima.
Ku bijyanye n'ibisigazwa bya Torosaurus, hari ibintu bibiri byagaragaye: icya mbere, ibisigazwa bya Torosaurus byari bike, icya kabiri, nta bisigazwa bya Torosaurus bitarakura cyangwa bikiri bito byabonetse. Buri gisigazwa cya Torosaurus cyari igisigazwa kinini cy'abantu bakuru. Kuki byari bimeze bityo? Ubwo abahanga mu bya paleontology batekerezaga kuri iki kibazo kandi bagakuraho ko bishoboka kimwe ku kindi, basigaranye umwanzuro umwe udashobora kwirindwa. Torosaurus ntiyari ubwoko butandukanye bwa dinosaur. Dinosaurs imaze igihe kinini yitwa Torosaurus ni yo bwoko bwa nyuma bwa Triceratops ikuze.

Ibimenyetso byabonetse mu duhanga. Ubwa mbere, abashakashatsi basesenguye imiterere y’uduhanga. Bapimye neza uburebure, ubugari, n’ubugari bwa buri gahanga. Hanyuma basuzumye utuntu duto cyane nk’imiterere y’ubuso n’impinduka nto mu duhanga. Isuzuma ryabo ryagaragaje ko uduhanga twa Torosaurus “twavuguruwe cyane”. Mu yandi magambo, uduhanga twa Torosaurus n’uduhanga twayo byari byarahindutse cyane mu buzima bw’inyamaswa. Kandi ibyo bimenyetso byo kuvugururwa byari binini cyane kuruta ibimenyetso biri mu gahanga kanini ka Triceratops, bimwe muri byo byagaragaje ibimenyetso byo guhinduka.
Muri rusange, ibyavumbuwe na dino-blitz bigaragaza cyane ko dinosaure nyinshi zigaragazwa nk'ubwoko butandukanye mu by'ukuri zishobora kuba ubwoko bumwe gusa.
Niba ubundi bushakashatsi bushyigikira umwanzuro wa Torosaurus-as-adult-Triceratops, bizaba bivuze ko dinosaure zo mu mpera ya Cretaceous zishobora kuba zitari zitandukanye nkuko abahanga mu bya paleontology benshi babyemera. Ubwoko buke bwa dinosaure bwaba bivuze ko zitari zishoboye guhangana n'impinduka mu bidukikije cyangwa ko zari zisanzwe zigabanuka. Uko byagenda kose, dinosaure zo mu mpera ya Cretaceous zari kuba zifite amahirwe menshi yo kuzimira nyuma y'impanuka itunguranye yahinduye imiterere y'ikirere n'ibidukikije by'Isi kuruta itsinda ry'abantu batandukanye.

——— Biturutse kuri Dan Risch