Madhanosauri ndeimwe yemhando dzinonakidza zvikuru munhoroondo yekushanduka-shanduka kwezvinhu zvipenyu panyika. Tose tinoziva zvakanyanya nezvemadhanosauri. Madhanosauri aitaridzika sei, madhanosauri aidya sei, madhanosauri aivhima sei, madhanosauri aigara munzvimbo yakaita sei, uye kuti nei madhanosauri akazotsakatika… Kunyangwe vanhuwo zvavo vanogona kutsanangura mibvunzo yakafanana nezvemadhanosauri nenzira yakajeka uye ine musoro. Tatoziva zvakawanda nezvemadhanosauri, asi pane mubvunzo mumwe chete uyo vanhu vazhinji vangasanzwisisa kana kufunga nezvawo: Madhanosauri akararama kwenguva yakareba sei?
Nyanzvi dzezvipenyu dzakambofunga kuti chikonzero nei madinosaur akakura kudaro ndechekuti akararama kwemakore anosvika zana kusvika mazana matatu. Uyezve, kufanana nemakarwe, madinosaur aive mhuka dzisingagari dzichikura, dzichikura zvishoma nezvishoma muhupenyu hwadzo hwese. Asi ikozvino tava kuziva kuti izvi hazvisizvo. Madinosaur mazhinji akakura nekukurumidza uye akafa achiri mudiki.
· Ungatonga sei hupenyu hwemadinosaur?
Kazhinji, madinosaur makuru airarama kwenguva yakareba. Hupenyu hwemadinosaur hwaionekwa nekudzidza mafossils. Nekucheka mapfupa emadinosaur akaumbwa nemapfupa uye kuverenga mitsetse yekukura, masayendisiti anogona kutonga makore edinosaur uye obva afanotaura hupenyu hwedinosaur. Tese tinoziva kuti makore emuti anogona kuonekwa nekutarisa madenderedzwa awo ekukura. Kufanana nemiti, mapfupa emadinosaur anoumbawo "madenderedzwa ekukura" gore rega rega. Gore rega rega muti unokura, hunde yawo inokura mudenderedzwa, iyo inonzi denderedzwa regore negore. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitikawo kumapfupa emadinosaur. Masayendisiti anogona kuona makore emadinosaur nekudzidza "madenderedzwa egore negore" emafossils emafupa emadinosaur.
Kuburikidza nenzira iyi, nyanzvi dzepaleontologists dzinofungidzira kuti hupenyu hwedinosaur diki Velociraptor hwaingova makore gumi chete; hweTriceratops hwaingova makore makumi maviri; uye kuti ishe wedinosaur, Tyrannosaurus rex, akatora makore makumi maviri kuti asvike pakukura uye aiwanzofa ari pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemanomwe nemakumi matatu nematatu. Carcharodontosaurus ine hupenyu hwemakore ari pakati pemakumi matatu nemapfumbamwe nemakumi mashanu nematatu; madinosaur makuru ane maruva ane mitsipa mirefu, akadai seBrontosaurus neDiplodocus, anotora makore makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana kuti asvike pakukura, saka anogona kurarama kusvika pamakore angangoita makumi manomwe kusvika zana.
Hupenyu hwemadinosaur hunoita sehwakasiyana zvikuru nepfungwa dzedu. Madinosaur anoshamisa kudaro angava sei nehupenyu hwakajairika kudaro? Dzimwe shamwari dzingabvunza kuti, chii chinokanganisa hupenyu hwemadinosaur? Chii chakakonzera kuti madinosaur ararame makumi emakore mashoma chete?
· Sei madhanosaurs asina kurarama kwenguva yakareba?
Chinhu chekutanga chinokanganisa hupenyu hwemadinosaur imetabolism. Kazhinji, ma endotherms ane metabolisms yakakwirira anorarama hupenyu hupfupi pane ma ectotherms ane metabolisms yakaderera. Vachiona izvi, shamwari dzingati madinosaur zvinokambaira, uye zvinokambaira zvinofanira kunge zviri mhuka dzine ropa rinotonhora dzine hupenyu hurefu. Kutaura zvazviri, masayendisiti akawana kuti madinosaur mazhinji imhuka dzine ropa rinodziya, saka mazinga e metabolism akakwira akadzikisa hupenyu hwemadinosaur.
Chechipiri, nharaunda yacho yakakanganisawo hupenyu hwemadinosaur. Munguva iyo madinosaur airarama, kunyangwe nharaunda yacho yakanga yakakodzera kuti madinosaur ararame, yakanga ichiri yakaoma kana tichienzanisa nenyika yanhasi: huwandu hweokisijeni mumhepo, huwandu hwesulfur oxide mumhepo nemvura, uye huwandu hwemwaranzi kubva muchadenga zvese zvakasiyana nemazuva ano. Nzvimbo yakaoma kudaro, pamwe chete nekuvhima nekukwikwidzana pakati pemadinosaur, zvakaita kuti madinosaur mazhinji afe munguva pfupi.
Zvose pamwe chete, hupenyu hwemadinosaur hahuna kureba sezvinofungwa nemunhu wese. Hupenyu hwakajairika hwakadaro hwakaita sei kuti madinosaur ave madzishe eNguva yeMesozoic, achitonga pasi kwemakore angangoita mamiriyoni zana nemakumi mana? Izvi zvinoda kutsvagurudzwa kwakawanda nenyanzvi dzepaalontology.
Kawah Dinosaur Yepamutemo Webhusaiti:www.kawahdinosaur.com
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-23-2023