Dinosaurs suna ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan halittu mafi ban sha'awa a tarihin juyin halittar halittu a Duniya. Mun saba da dinosaur sosai. Yaya dinosaurs suke, me dinosaurs suka ci, yadda dinosaurs suka farauta, wane irin muhalli dinosaurs suka rayu a ciki, har ma da dalilin da yasa dinosaurs suka ɓace… Har ma talakawa za su iya bayyana irin waɗannan tambayoyi game da dinosaurs ta hanya mai haske da ma'ana. Mun riga mun san abubuwa da yawa game da dinosaurs, amma akwai tambaya ɗaya da mutane da yawa ba za su fahimta ba ko ma su yi tunani a kai: Har yaushe dinosaurs suka rayu?
Masana ilmin halittar halittu sun taɓa yin imani da cewa dalilin da ya sa dinosaurs suka girma haka shine saboda sun rayu na tsawon shekaru 100 zuwa 300. Bugu da ƙari, kamar kada, dinosaurs dabbobi ne masu girma marasa iyaka, suna girma a hankali kuma akai-akai a tsawon rayuwarsu. Amma yanzu mun san cewa ba haka lamarin yake ba. Yawancin dinosaurs sun girma da sauri kuma sun mutu tun suna ƙanana.
· Yadda ake tantance tsawon rayuwar dinosaurs?
Gabaɗaya dai, manyan dinosaurs sun rayu tsawon rai. An ƙayyade tsawon rayuwar dinosaurs ta hanyar nazarin burbushin halittu. Ta hanyar yanke ƙasusuwan dinosaur da suka lalace da kuma ƙirga layukan girma, masana kimiyya za su iya tantance shekarun dinosaur sannan su yi hasashen tsawon rayuwar dinosaur. Duk mun san cewa ana iya tantance shekarun itace ta hanyar duba zoben girma. Kamar bishiyoyi, ƙasusuwan dinosaur kuma suna samar da "zoben girma" kowace shekara. Kowace shekara itace tana girma, gangar jikinta za ta girma a cikin da'ira, wanda ake kira zoben shekara-shekara. Haka yake ga ƙasusuwan dinosaur. Masana kimiyya za su iya tantance shekarun dinosaurs ta hanyar nazarin "zoben shekara-shekara" na ƙasusuwan dinosaur.
Ta wannan hanyar, masana ilmin burbushin halittu sun kiyasta cewa rayuwar ƙaramin dinosaur Velociraptor ta kai kimanin shekaru 10 kacal; na Triceratops ya kai kimanin shekaru 20; kuma shugaban dinosaur, Tyrannosaurus rex, ya ɗauki shekaru 20 kafin ya girma kuma yawanci yana mutuwa tsakanin shekaru 27 zuwa 33. Carcharodontosaurus yana da tsawon rai tsakanin shekaru 39 zuwa 53; manyan dinosaur masu dogon wuyan ciyawa, kamar Brontosaurus da Diplodocus, suna ɗaukar shekaru 30 zuwa 40 kafin su girma, don haka za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 70 zuwa 100.
Rayuwar dinosaur ta bambanta da tunaninmu. Ta yaya irin waɗannan dinosaur masu ban mamaki za su iya samun irin wannan rayuwar yau da kullun? Wasu abokai na iya tambaya, waɗanne abubuwa ne ke shafar rayuwar dinosaur? Me ya sa dinosaur suka rayu 'yan shekaru kaɗan kawai?
· Me yasa dinosaurs ba su rayu tsawon lokaci ba?
Abu na farko da ke shafar rayuwar dinosaur shine metabolism. Gabaɗaya, endotherms masu yawan metabolism suna rayuwa gajeru fiye da ectotherms masu ƙarancin metabolism. Ganin haka, abokai na iya cewa dinosaur dabbobi ne masu rarrafe, kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe ya kamata su zama dabbobi masu jinin sanyi waɗanda ke da tsawon rai. A zahiri, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa yawancin dinosaurs dabbobi ne masu jinin dumi, don haka matakan metabolism mafi girma sun rage tsawon rayuwar dinosaurs.
Na biyu, muhallin ya kuma yi mummunan tasiri ga rayuwar dinosaurs. A zamanin da dinosaurs ke rayuwa, duk da cewa muhallin ya dace da dinosaurs su rayu, har yanzu yana da tsauri idan aka kwatanta da duniya a yau: yawan iskar oxygen da ke cikin sararin samaniya, yawan sinadarin sulfur oxide da ke cikin sararin samaniya da ruwa, da kuma yawan hasken rana daga sararin samaniya duk sun bambanta da na yau. Irin wannan yanayi mai tsauri, tare da mummunan farauta da gasa tsakanin dinosaurs, ya sa dinosaurs da yawa suka mutu cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
A takaice dai, tsawon rayuwar dinosaur ba ta daɗe kamar yadda kowa ke tunani ba. Ta yaya irin wannan tsawon rayuwar da aka saba yi ta ba wa dinosaur damar zama shugabannin zamanin Mesozoic, suna mamaye duniya tsawon kimanin shekaru miliyan 140? Wannan yana buƙatar ƙarin bincike daga masana ilmin burbushin halittu.
Kawah Dinosaur Official Website:www.kawahdinosaur.com
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-23-2023